Designing for promenade

The set and stage design is an important aspect for a theatre company to consider when producing a show, and the audience should be taken into consideration throughout this process: “The presence of an audience is central to the definition of theatre” (Freshwater 2009, p.1). The role that the audience holds within theatre has somewhat changed throughout recent decades and with the influence of more contemporary and avant-garde theatre. The bar has been raised, the boundaries have been broken and now the audience have more of a role to play in 21st century theatre. This change in paradigm can be seen within various aspects of theatre; one aspect that I shall focus on is the staging of a play. Within the work that Hand Me Down creates, being the set and stage designer, I believe that there need not be a strict boundary between the performer’s space and the audience space. In this way, the audience could be acknowledged or even used in some way within a performance. For our first production, Take Me By The Tongue, I have designed our staging in the style of promenade. This type of staging intends to very much involve the audience physically and include them as part of the set: “The proximity of the actors and the constant movement around the space combine to create an unusual and exciting event.” (Mackey and Cooper 2000, p.9). This performance is very fragmented, with various different scenes brought together with the aim to evoke different emotions and present different messages to our audience. Therefore promenade staging felt best suited as it is a fun and fresh way to perform this contemporary piece. In promenade performances, the audience will always “change their focus, move to watch the action or even interact or ‘mingle’ with the cast and action.” (Scottish Arts Council, 2010). Because of this, the genre of theatre we aim to create, along with our current project, works well in a promenade setting, with various different scenes in different areas of the stage giving a fragmented feel to the piece. This type of staging suits the company as well, and might be the staging we decide to use for other productions, depending on the length of future performances.

Helen Freshwater questions, “Do spectators simply watch?” (2009, p.2). It seems that theatre in the 21st century wants more involvement from their audiences, with audience interaction and acknowledgement becoming more popular amongst contemporary performance and art. Famously controversial contemporary artist Marina Abramovic pushes the audience role to the extreme and involves them within her performances, offering them the opportunity to actually change the outcome of a piece of her performance. Rhythm 0 (1974) and The Artist Is Present (2010) are just two of her performances that really push the relationship she has with her audience members to the limit, literally putting her life in their hands. Hand Me Down Theatre’s work aims to open a space for the audience to interlink with the performers, and in some cases will use eye contact and physical acknowledgement of their presence. However there is still a clear distinction between who the performer is and who the spectator is, and in this way our work is traditional and structured so as not to disrupt the narrative and the flow of a performance: “the relationship with the audience provides the theatre event with its rationale.” (Freshwater 2009, p.2).

There are many factors to research before designing the set and staging of a production. For example, if Hand Me Down were to tour to different venues, and we do carry on creating promenade performances, we would need to know the size of the space within the venues as to know whether, firstly, they are suitable for the set and equipment, and secondly, if the space is possible to be made into this style: “The director and designer establish aims and intentions. They will consider the more immediate concern of limitation and constraint imposed by space and budget.” (Thorne 1999, p.10). Having a small amount of set for Take Me By The Tongue, means that this production would be relatively easy to tour, along with the reasonable amount of props and costume. The role I have taken on in the company works closely with the production team and puts me very much in charge of the aesthetics of the shows we produce. When designing a show, good communication is vital between company members as some ideas may not be possible in terms of our budget and space, and therefore designs will change.

 “A designer’s responsibilities cover all the visual elements of a production, including the acting space, props and lighting. The theatre designer is not entirely concerned with aesthetics for he must also be fully aware of the practicalities of that which he creates.” (Bond 2013, p.14).

Within the production team Andy, the production and stage manager, designs the lighting meaning my preliminary job is set and stage designer and designer of costume and props. Below are some designs from the early stages of the process, along with the lists of all costume and props used in Take Me By The Tongue.

photo 3 (1)

Idea 1= Promenade staging (Auditorium flattened)

photo 2

Idea 2= The traditional LPAC Auditorium staging

photo 1 (1)

Idea 3= Auditorium flattened, chairs surrounding action

photo 4 

Idea 4= Auditorium flattened, audience in groups

photo 1 (3)

Final design= Promenade staging (Auditorium flattened)

Final Staging Design

Props List

Costume List

Punchdrunk is a very contemporary theatre company that produces “a form of theatre in which roaming audiences experience epic storytelling.” (Punchdrunk, 2014). Their performances take place in different locations, and their audiences are free to walk around the space and watch different sections of performance as they please. In this sense, their work is predominantly known as promenade theatre, and this has made them very successful. They enable their audience to experience what they choose, meaning their audience members may come away with a different experience to others. For example, their most recent production, The Drowned Man: A Hollywood Fable, takes place across four floors of a building in central London and lasts for three hours. The audience are therefore able to come and go as they wish and view different sections of the performance.

Below are a few photos of the staging for our first performance showing how we turned the LPAC auditorium into the promenade space we wanted for Take Me By The Tongue.

 photo 1 (4) photo 2 (1) photo 3 (2) photo 4 (1) Bo1r41VIIAA-4qv

(Images taken by Libby Soper of the Lincoln Performing Arts Centre)

Work Cited:

Bond, Daniel (2013) Stage Management: A Gentle Art, London: Routledge.

Freshwater, Helen (2009) theatre & audience, London: Palgrave Macmillan.

Mackey, Sally and Simon Cooper (2000) Drama and Theatre Studies, London: Stanley Thornes.

Punchdrunk (2014) Punchdrunk Company – About. [online] Available at: http://punchdrunk.com/company/article/about [Accessed 28 April 2014].

Scottish Arts Council (2010) Arts in Scotland – Promenade. [online] Available at: http://www.scottisharts.org.uk/1/artsinscotland/drama/features/archive/themepromenade.aspx [Accessed 27 April 2014].

Thorne, Gary (1999) Stage Design: A Practical Guide, Wiltshire: The Crowood Press Ltd.

Our own ‘Theatre Workshop’

As Hand Me Down Theatre focus on devising and creating our own work, it was always inevitable that the texts that we chose to bring to workshops were going to be texts that spoke to us on some sort of personal level. It is unsurprising therefore, having eight female members in our company of nine, that a lot of these texts would be based around the subject of femininity and what it is to be female in modern society. While at the beginning of our process we shied away from creating what we believed to be overtly feminist scenes, through our development we have discovered that it would in fact be going against our natural performative nature to shun this feminist notion within our performance.
Having embraced this feminist view point, the last scene that Hand Me Down devised uses text that contains a message that each and every cast member can relate to or have an opinion on as a young woman living in twenty first century, westernised society.

On May 15th 2014, the popular female comedian, Sarah Millican, published an article in her weekly spot in the Radio Times. The article, titled “Don’t Judge Me On My Dress…” describes her personal experience with the public and the press via social media, following her appearance at the Bafta awards in 2013. In the article she discusses how the public, slated her for her outfit and her overall appearance on the red carpet via twitter, and how she was shocked to discover that so many people took such an offense to what she was wearing, as she believed that she was there to be celebrated for being good at her job, not to be judged and compared to other women on the red carpet.

Sarah_Millican__Twitter_was_a_pin_to_my_excitable_Bafta_balloon

Picture Sourced from Radio Times (May 15 2014). Available from http://www.radiotimes.com/news/2014-05-15/sarah-millican-twitter-was-a-pin-to-my-excitable-bafta-balloon.

This article, which can be found at http://www.radiotimes.com/news/2014-05-15/sarah-millican-twitter-was-a-pin-to-my-excitable-bafta-balloon, spoke to me on a personal level, as I realized that while I was outraged that people could care so much about something as trivial as the design of her dress, I too care more than I would like to admit about what other people think of my appearance. This, along with observation made on how Sarah’s husband, who also appeared on the red carpet, was not asked once what brand he was wearing and where he got it from, brought our understanding of the way society focuses on women when it comes to personal appearance to our focused attention.
While an article like this might seem trivial to some, especially when compared to more ‘hard hitting’ news circulating the media that week, such as the two hundred girls kidnapped by terrorists in Nigeria, for the company this article underlined a number of the running themes found in our performance. It also contradicts nicely with some of our sillier, more playful scenes.

This use of newspapers, magazines and the media as a stimulus for a scene is a technique that the company could continue to use in the future. This documentary style theatre has also been used in the past by companies such as the Living Newspaper and Joan Littlewood’s Theatre Workshop. Theatre Workshop, who took inspiration from many other companies and practitioners created performances such as Oh! What a Lovely War by scripting some of the recorded words of the various people involved in Wolrd War 1, and presented them in an end of the pier show setting. This up-beat, satyrical action was then contrasted with factual information such as death tolls presented to the audience on news reels,  screens and boards. For Littlewood,

“the success of a piece is ‘all a question of juxtaposition'”

(Holdsworth, 2006, 82) as the nature of this contradiction effectively underlined the seriousness of the topic, and made the audience think. This notion of the contradiction between the two or three things happening on stage is a kin to our Sarah Millican scene where her emotive words are infiltrated with catchy television advert slogans for female ‘self improvement’ products, underlining the ridiculouness of a culture that centres around women seeking to improve their image purely for the approval of others.

The use of current affairs within a piece can often bring the topic being discussed to the audience on a more realistic level. For example, in our scene that discusses the price of fame we contrast an acoustic version of the poem I’ve got a Golden Ticket, as found in Roald Dahl’s Charlie and the Chocolate Factory and adapted by our very own Libby Soper, with a video montage of a number of female celebrities, all of whom have died from drugs and alcohol. This montage finishes with a clip of journalist, television presenter and celebrity daughter Peaches Geldof, who, like her mother, died of a drug overdose in the 7th April 2014, leaving two young children behind. The moving image of happy looking Peaches along with the audiences knowledge of her recent and tragic death brings the message of the scene into the modern day context, providing the audience the time to reflect not only on the price of fame, but also on the other themes discussed in our previous scenes.

It has been said that “no play, like no newspaper article, is without bias and infliction” (Hammond and Steward, 2008, 10), and indeed this is one of our scenes that very obviously presents the bias that comes from eight image and media conscious women. While in some scenes we have offered the opportunity for the audience to draw their own conclusions and opinions from our re-contextualisation of the original text, in this scene it is very clear that we empathise with the topic discussed in the article. Having embraced a more feminist approach to the presentation of the already ‘feminine’ topics we had previously chosen to explore we have created a complex and thought provoking piece that speaks very much to the audience of today. In looking to the future I would suggest that where we see a theme or natural path appearing in our devising process it would be wise to follow it.

Works Cited

Dahl, Roald. (2010) Poetry By Roald Dahl “I’ve Got a Golden Ticket”. [online] Available from: http://roalddahlpoetry.weebly.com/poetry.html[Accessed 25 May 2014].

Hammond, W. And Steward, D. (2008) Verbatim Verbatim. London: Oberon Books.

Holdsworth, N. (2006) Joan Littlewood. London: Routldge.

Littlewood, J. (1963) Oh! What a Lovely War. London: Methuen.

Millican, S. (2014) Dont Judge Me On My Dress. Radio Times, 15th May 2014.

A Lasting Image

Once we had our connections we could then advertise our current performance fully, as all our designs had been made. When you come out as a company you keep developing and how you advertise based on that expands. The trailer from God Squad that you can see below presents a clear image for their company and they produce similar types of works and projects with each new devising process.

The video presents the company talking directly to the audience and uses a lot of personal camera work. As a company they state in their mission statement that ‘We try and explore the point where theatre meets art, media and real life’ (Gob Squad, 2014). Through holding the cameras in this trailer and being themselves, they successfully maintain this image and give their fan base or future audience a clear idea of what to expect from their pieces both present and future.

We in contrast, hope to continually produce devised works that involve different text as we expand as a company. Our current trailer for Take me by the Tongue used a range of text surrounding a microphone and our mission statement suggests we will create theatre that ‘looks closely at the meaning of text and the spoken word ‘ (Hand Me Down, 2014). This is how we want to be perceived, and hope to be perceived for the foreseeable future.

(Above: Hand Me Down Theatre, Initial Trailer)

Our events have also developed our current image. Over our few months devising, we have organised events to do with reinterpreting text and song. An acoustic night we had led to some of our cast changing upbeat songs to more slowed down, acoustic versions. This again gives a clear image of our company to our audience base both current and future.

It seems ‘There is increasing evidence that the position of images in product-related information can alter processing and impact consumer perceptions’ (Chae and Hoegg, 2013) and the same goes for how you market and present your company. Image placement really is everything for bringing in audiences and producing the works you want to. You may not be placing it on a product, but your show in fact becomes the product within the theatre.

With everything we release and everything we will release in the future, we hope to continue presenting a clear image for our company. This will be anything from ensuring colour schemes are in order, to presenting the right look with our trailers. With our current connections and market research, putting across the right image should be able to continue as our company produces new works.

Works Cited

Chae, B. and Hoegg, J. (2013) The Future Looks “Right”: Effects of the Horizontal Location of Advertising Images on Product Attitude. Journal of Consumer Research, 40 (Aug,2)

Gob Squad (2014) About Us. [online] Available from: http://www.gobsquad.com/about-us [Accessed: 21.05.2014].

Gob Squad (2008) Super Night Shot (2004). [Streaming Video] Available from:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-anpj9LS4vg. Accessed: 26.05.14].

Hand Me Down Theatre (2014) Our Mission Statement. [online] Available from:  https://handmedownth3atr3.blogs.lincoln.ac.uk/our-mission-statement/ [Accessed: 28.05.2014].

Lizzy Hayes (2014) Hand Me Down Theatre – May Performance Teaser Trailer. [Streaming Video] Available from:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1ukQQPgfkeQ [Accessed: 24.04.2014].

Finding Inspiration as a Performer.

Has Time Ever Changed? 

Something that began to inspire me at the beginning of our process, was this IMG_5237quote, said by Chekhov:

“We struggle to change life so that those who come after us might be happy, but those who come after us will say as usual, it was better before, life now is worst than it used to be.”

(Patterson, 2005). Chekhov was suggesting that we try to make things better to make everyone, including ourselves, happier. However no one will ever be happier as they will always want and expect more. They will always look back on the past thinking it was better, instead of being positive and looking at the future. This was said a long time ago, but is still relevant today, I began to question whether  generations after generations people had really changed or not. I came to realise that with every single piece of existing text which we’ve found, whether it be modern day song lyrics, Shakespeare’s words, famous speeches, they can all still be relevant in this day of age. This made me query whether things have really changed throughout these time leaps. Of  course they have in cases, we have come a long way, however at the same time we really haven’t, these texts can still be very relevant, especially when the context was changed.

Although we haven’t used Chekhov within our piece, this was something that inspired me early on in our piece and contributed to inspiration for the peformance. I looked at some of Chekhov’s work,

“Chekhov’s plays stand as powerful statements that at least to the fact that things were never better, and that hope for the future matters more than anything.”

(Patterson, 2005). I came to realise that this is an aspect of our performance “Take Me By The Tongue”. Although this is fiction, maybe the reason his work can be connected to so easily is because “Chekhov claims to represent the world as it is, without moral judgments. Most of the climactic action in his works takes place offstage, often before the beginning of the play.” (Lewis). Because to this his work can seem really real and very realistic and therefore relatable. Our performance isn’t realistic, but it should be relatable. If you can relate and engage with it, then you can question more topics. 

I was really inspired by his play Uncle Vanya, particularly the last speech of Sonya’s, where she comes to realise that the rest of her life will consist of having to

“labour for others from now into our old age without respite… throughout the long days and endless evenings…”

(Chekhov, Frayn, 1988, 59). I felt connected towards this character, and that people could still easily understand and relate to her, even though this was written over two hundred years ago and set in Russia. This began my process of understanding that with a majority of texts that we are looking at, the older ones are still relevant today, in one way or another. I questioned whether the modern texts will therefore still be relevant, say in 100 years to come, will people have changed? Or will we still have the same problems which are currently here today. This was the main inspiration for me as a performer, looking at the way some things haven’t changed, and the idea of having hope and positivitys for the future.frameShareFile-2


Works Cited

Patterson, M. (2005) The Oxford Dictionary of Plays. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Chekhov, A. Trans, Frayn, M. (1988) Uncle Vanya. London: Methuen Publishing Ltd.

Lewis, P. Anton Chekhov.[Online] The Modern Lab at Yale University. Available from: http://modernism.research.yale.edu/wiki/index.php/Anton_Chekhov [Accessed 27 May].

How Hand Me Down works

Oddey states that when devising a piece of theatre it is necessary to have a clear plan as to how the company will operate from the outset. “This involves choices about how working structures relate to organised roles or responsibilities of individuals within a company…” (Oddey, 1994, 42). From our first ever company meeting I have taken on the role of  producer, and, having never produced a show before, have been grappling with some of the roles and responsibilities that come with this job. Now, five days away from our first ever company performance I feel that I can reflect on what this role has become for me and how it has impacted the running of the company to date. It was apparent from quite early on that I was going to be more of a “do-it-all producer who is involved in every aspect of the show” (Seabright, 2010, 5), not just a solely administrative producer. I feel that the best way to describe my role in the company is to state that I have my fingers in all the pies. Richardson states that having “a flair for organization” is a very useful qualification for a producer to have (Richardson, 1998, 6), and indeed I have found that it is a skill that I have put to good use in the running of the company. I have been consulted by, involved in, and given the seal of approval for everything behind the scenes at Hand Me Down. I have proof read and edited press releases, pondered over poster designs and organised an acoustic night to raise awareness for our companies debut performance. I have kept tabs on the finance department who have had control over the budget for our performance and have therefore been essential in the running of the company and have held regular production meetings with our director and production manager to ensure that all performance elements are running smoothly and that our performance is logistically viable. I have also devised rehearsal time tables fitting around and keeping in mind the other work, personal and educational commitments of the eight other members of the company, kept tabs on the attendance of company members and booked appropriate space to suit the needs of each of these rehearsals.

Inspirational dramaturg and Theatre Workshop director, Joan Littlewood stated that

“It is through collaboration that this knockabout art of theatre survives and kicks” (Littlewood, 1965).

This is a quote that I strongly agree to be true. The collaborative nature of the way that Hand Me Down naturally works means that every member of the company has been involved in the creation of our performance, and with every member of the company being part of the cast for Take Me By The Tongue, it seemed appropriate that everyone should have some say in what it was they were to be performing. On reflecting on our process I feel that our piece clearly shows the “overall flexibility, versatility, and integration between the…multi-talented members” within our company (Oddey, 1994, 65). It has been fortunate for us that in most cases the cast have all agreed on the content and aesthetic of the scenes that we have devised. However, on the rare occasion that there is a disagreement on the content or nature of a scene, having listened to everyone’s opinion it has fallen to myself and our director to make the ultimate decision.

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Initial Devising Process. Image by Kirsty Jakins (2014)

Of course getting feedback from members of other companies and staff has been absolutely invaluable for our company’s performance development, as we are aware that it can be hard to remove yourself from the scene and criticize it from an outsiders perspective. In order to meet our mission statement’s point of creating theatre that “is relatable for a variety of audiences” (Hand Me Down, 2014) we have had to monitor the audience demographics that we think might be more receptive to certain scenes. However, a scene that we believe might be appreciated more by one audience demographic might in fact be more appropriate for another. This is where our work in progress showings have been particularly important.

Works Cited

Hand Me Down. (2014) Our Mission Statement. Lincoln: Word Press. Available from https://handmedownth3atr3.blogs.lincoln.ac.uk/our-mission-statement/ [Accessed 26/05/2014].

Littlewood, J. (1965) Goodbye Note From Joan. In: Marowitz, C., Milne, T. and Hale, O. (eds) The Encore Reader. London: Methuen.

Oddey, A. (1994) Devising Theatre: A Practical and Theoretical Handbook. London: Routledge.

Richardson, J. (1998) Careers in the Theatrer. 6th Edition. London: Kogan Page.

Seabright, J. (2010) So You Want To Be A Producer? London: Nick Hern Books.